There are two types of awards in international commercial arbitrations (ICA) under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act (1996): awards passed in India-seated ICA and awards passed in foreign-seated ICA.

In both cases, the execution of the award may be delayed. In the case of awards passed in ICA seated in India, delay may result on account of a challenge under section 34, proceedings for stay of the award (section 36), attachment of assets (section 9), appellate proceedings (section 37) or ordinary civil procedure. In the case of awards passed in ICA with a foreign seat, delay may result at the stage of execution when the execution is resisted, either under section 48 or section 57 of the Act. High Court judges, eminent senior counsel and a panel of well-known senior lawyers will examine these issues arising from post-award challenge and enforcement, in the case of awards passed in ICA in the Indian context.