Over 640 million Africans have no access to energy, this is an electricity access rate of just over 40%, the lowest in the world. Per capita consumption of energy in sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa) is 180 kWh, compared to 13,000 kWh in the United States and 6,500 kWh in Europe. 418 million people have no clean drinking water and around 1 billion no cooking fuels. Africa accounts for 17% of the world’s population yet only 5.9% of the world’s energy supply. Africa produces only around 4% of the world’s GHG emissions. Access to energy is fundamental for health, education and to create jobs and economic opportunities. Within transition and carbon reduction objectives, Africa argues that one solution does not fit all and for the right to use its fossil fuels, gas in particular. What will be the future of the region least responsible for global warming and at the same time, the most vulnerable and least developed?