After an era of globalisation, many countries are turning towards securing national supply and looking more critically at dependencies and potential security threats relating to foreign investment in and control of strategic minerals. With the recent adoption of the Inflation Reduction Act in the United States, which aims to increase US domestic manufacturing capacity and encourage procurement of supplies of critical minerals domestically and from free-trade partners, along with the recently announced Critical Minerals Strategy in Canada, including the Canadian government’s recent policy restricting foreign state-owned enterprise investments in the critical minerals sector and supply chains, and similar strategies and policies in other nations, investors face unprecedented regulatory, national security and geopolitical complexity in seeking to invest in, and develop, critical minerals around the world. New foreign investment and national security restrictions represent a global shift on who can invest and where, with potential implications for which countries will be poised to take greater advantage of the future green economy. This panel will discuss the impact globally of these recent developments and how they will shape mineral exploration and exploitation in the years to come.