Tag results for 'trade unions'

Union consultation goes digital amid renewed debate over traditional principles of union recognition

Recent Italian case law decisions spanned from considering the impact of increasingly digital workplaces on trade union rights to re-examining traditional union representation and recognition principles. In two 2026 decisions the Court of Cassation clarified that digital consultation methods may satisfy statutory obligations, provided that substantive participation is preserved. Together, these rulings reflect a consistent judicial approach: procedural forms may evolve, but the core functions of representation and collective negotiation must remain intact. Running in parallel, the Constitutional Court’s October 2025 ruling on Article 19 of the Workers’ Statute reshaped the criteria for workplace union recognition by rejecting exclusive dependence on company‑level bargaining participation as the sole gateway to RSA status and grounding representation rights in objective measures of union national representativeness.

Released on May 4, 2026

India’s new Labour Codes: recognition of trade unions

India’s new labour codes presents by far the biggest change in the country’s employment law legislative history. This article focuses on the concept of recognition of trade unions, as introduced by the law.

Released on Apr 29, 2026

The Nokia case: ‘genuine collective purpose’ and the future of enterprise-based representation

This article examines the Israeli National Labour Court’s ruling in the Nokia case, focusing on the legal definition of a ‘workers organisation’. The decision rejects recognition of an internal, enterprise-based committee, emphasising the requirement of a genuine collective purpose. The Court held that a body upholding individual employment agreements as primary cannot qualify for recognition. The article places this reasoning within broader transformations in labour markets, where hybrid models of representation are emerging. It argues that the ruling highlights an unresolved tension between traditional collective bargaining frameworks and evolving employee preferences for more flexible, individualised forms of collective representation.

Released on Apr 29, 2026

Obligations to agree and consult trade unions under the draft Polish Pay Transparency Act

The draft Polish act implementing the EU Pay Transparency Directive imposes a number of obligations on employers that require cooperation with workplace trade union organisations or – where no such organisations operate – with employee representatives elected by the workforce. This article analyses the scope and nature of these obligations, with particular emphasis on the fundamental distinction in Polish employment law between consultation and agreement. It also discusses the practical challenges that the new regulations may create for employers and social partners.

Released on Apr 20, 2026

The definition of workplace and enterprise in determination of competence for trade unions’ collective agreements under Turkish jurisprudence

The Turkish Collective Bargaining Agreements Law establishes distinct thresholds for determining a trade union’s eligibility to negotiate and conclude collective agreements. Multiple work locations can be collectively considered as a single workplace if they present in the form of a ‘connected place’. Conversely, an enterprise refers to a broader unit comprising multiple workplaces, potentially spanning different sectors, all under a single employer’s ownership and control.

Released on Jul 28, 2025