Regulating supply chains by imposing responsibility on businesses with regard to environmental, social and human rights issues has become a global trend. In a first wave, legislators have tried to use supply-chain related laws to prevent illegal deforestation of rain forests or the sourcing of conflict minerals from regions where profits fund armed conflict. Recently, this concept has been broadened to cover all major supply chains. Even though just a few countries (eg, Germany) have implemented such laws, the concept has become truly infectious, spreading along supply chains all around the globe. In the next step, climate legislation will apply this instrument: the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). CBAM will impose price adjustments on imports of designated goods into the EU, based on the CO2 emissions in production outside the EU. The session will focus on the concepts underlying these developments. What are the standards of diligence? How do businesses and governments cope with information gaps? What is the role of certificates?